IMPARTING BASIC CORE KNOWLEDGE

 

A view of the class

 

 New horizons have been opened and teaching is totally community-based, problem solving and research oriented through modern techniques e.g., audio visuals, educational workshops, seminars and symposia in which students participation is highly recommended.

  

Small group discussion on insecticides

 

  

TEACHING
In the University	In Field.
Teaching is carried through Audio –visuals Lectures. Demonstrations. Models Display. Charts. Posters display Role play. Seminars Workshops	Students learn Medical Ethics Social anatomy. Social physiology. Social medicine. Social pathology. Anthropology Case discussion. Poster exhibition. Demonstration.	Community based     activities Community counseling. Promoting community       participation Awareness’ campaigns Making community health       conscious Health       education.

 

TEACHING IN  THE FIELD.

 This is carried out through.

i). Community Counseling.

ii). Meeting family members through home-visiting and imparting knowledge at home.

iii) Distribution of leaflets, pamphlets in the fields.

iv).Poster exhibition

Course Contents for Educational Events

1. Lectures

 

Concept of Health & Disease A. Concept of health, Definition of Health, Spectrum of health, Determinants of health.       Responsibility of health, Indicators of health. B. Concept of diseases, Concept of causation(all theories including ecological triad-agent, host.      environment.),spectrum of disease, Iceberg phenomenon.

C. Natural history of disease, Levels of prevention, Disease elimination and eradication. D. Disease surveillance.   Introduction to Public health and Health System in Pakistan A. Background and  Concepts: Definitions and Concepts in public health. Development of      Public health in Pakistan.  B. Health for All -Background, concepts and progress. C. Economic and Health policy and planning in Pakistan. D. Primary health care-Concepts and progress. E. The National Disease Control  Programme -Policies, strategies and operations. F. Health system in Pakistan. The role of federal and provincial governments in health care .The     district health system in the context of devolution. The physician as manager. Function of the     manager, Management of material, human and financial resources, leadership and        motivation.    G. Partners in health. The public and private sector .Non-governmental organizations and      International agencies. Resources for health. Community participation.

 

 Biostatistics

A. Concepts and uses. B. Data and its types. C. Rates ,ratios and proportions. D. Crude, specific and standardized rates. E. Collection and registration of vital events in Pakistan. F. Sources of health related statistics. G. Measures of central tendency(Mean, Mode, Median). H. Normal curve. I .Measures of Dispersion(Range, Standard deviation ,Standard error). J. Methods of Data presentation(Tables, graphs and diagrams) K .Interpretation of data(t-test and chi-square tests). L. Sampling and its various techniques. M. Health Management Information System.

 

Research Methodology

 A. Research and survey methodology. 

 B. Introduction to qualitative research methodology.       

Screening test   

Parasitology

Prevention and control of Parasitic diseases of public health importance.           

 

Medical Ethics

A. Background concepts and components.       

B. National recommended guidelines.    

C. Code of Medical Ethics.       

 

 

Small group discussion on insects of medical importance

           

Disaster           

Definition, Classification, Causes, Prevention, Magnitude and Effects

of Disaster and Public Health consequences, Disaster: Preparedness and Management  

Epidemiology and Disease Control     

A. Backgrounds and concepts Basic measurement in epidemiology(morbidity, mortality,

     disability and fatality)Epidemiological transition,.

B. Epidemiological methods (descriptive, analytical and experimental)

    Association and causation

C. Investigation of an outbreak of an epidemic

D. Screening for disease

E. Dynamics of infectious disease transmission

F. Prevention and control of infectious diseases

G. Differentiation between Infection, infestation, pollution, contamination

H. Infectious disease, communicable disease, contagious disease Cross infection.

     Nosocomial  infection,  opportunistic infection, Iatrogenic(physician induced) disorders ,

      Epidemic, endemic, sporadic, pandemic  Epizootic, Exotic,  Zoonotic       

I.  Chain of transmission of diseases . (Direct and Indirect)         

J.  Incubation period, infective period, generation time   

K. Surveillance,  Control,  Eradication, Elimination of disease     

L.  Immunity(different types of immunity and immunization)        

M. Controlling the reservoir-notification, early diagnosis, treatment, isolation, quarantine,

    disinfections, interruption of transmission The susceptible host(active and passive immunization,

    combined, chemoprophylaxis , non-specific measures)          

N.  Health advice to travelers    

O.  National case management guidelines          

Demography and Population dynamics           

A. Concept ,Demographic principles and Demographic processes         

B. Census: definition, methodology ,types        

C. Determinants of fertility and mortality

D. Population pyramid and its interpretations     

E .Demographic transition .Demographic trap and its public health importance   

F. Demographic and social implications of high population growth         

G .Social mobilization   

H. Urbanization 

Reproductive and Child Health

A .Safe motherhood and its components(Ante-natal, Post -natal, & Emergency obstetric cover)  

B. Maternal Mortality :Causes and Prevention    

C. Infant care Growth and Development, Breast feeding, Common causes of morbidity and mortality,

     their  prevention and control                       

D .Child care: Health promotion strategies ,Common ailments, Home accidents ,Child mortality

     prevention, Strategic approaches of integrated Management of Childhood Illness(IMCI)            

E .Adolescent Health    

F. Reproductive tract infection :Guidelines for management of STD's.    

 

Family Planning

A. Oral  & I njectable contraceptives

B. Barrier methods & IUCDs

 

Epidemiology, control and prevention of  infectious diseases of public health importance     

A .Diseases transmitted through inhalation        

B .Diseases of animals conveyed to man          

C .Diseases due to direct contact         

D .Diseases transmitted through faeco-oral route           

E .Arthropod borne diseases    

 

Health of School age children 

A. Role of teachers and Role of doctor in maintenance of health

B .Procedures for determining health status of school age children        

C .Common health problems of school children 

B. Control of arthropods of medical importance

C. Insecticides and their public health importance

 

Environmental Health Sciences

A. Air Composition, Causes of air pollution, Purification of air, Diseases caused by impurities in air

    and prevention 

B .Water: Sources, Daily water requirement, Water pollution ,its causes and prevention, Purification

    water quality standards ,Diseases due to water pollution

C. Waste disposal :Contents, Hazards and Safety measures for solid and liquid, .Domestic

    industrial and Hospital waste

D. Climate: climate and Weather, Global environmental concerns(Green house effect, Ozone

     depletion, Acid rain)Effects of extremes of Temperature, Humidity, Atmospheric pressure on

    human health  

    and their  prevention

E. Radiation: Sources, Types, Hazards and Prevention

F. Healthful Housing: Urban and Rural slums, Refugee camps and Hostels

G. Noise: Definition, Causes, Acceptance level ,Hazards and Control

 

Occupational Health

A. Concepts of Occupational health, Occupational  medicine and Occupational hygiene

B. Ergonomics and its importance

A. Concept, Common mental Health problems, their causes, prevention and control.

C .Occupational Hazards, Prevention and Control

D .General principles of occupational disease prevention

E. Organization of occupational health services

F.Health insurance and Social security system

 

Mental Health

A. Concept, Common mental Health problems, their causes, prevention and control.

B. Juvenile delinquency

C. Drug abuse, Addiction and Smoking

D. Role of Physical Exercise in Health and Disease.

 

Behavioural Sciences and Lifestyle

 Epidemiology, control and prevention of non-infectious diseases of public health importance

A. Hypertension & Stroke

B. Coronary heart diseases

C. cancers

D. Injuries

E. Diabetese mellitus

F. Obesity

G .Acute rheumatic fever and heart disease

 Food and Nutrition

A. Concepts(Nutrition, nutrient, food ,diet)Food groups and their functions .Role of fiber in diet.

     Balanced diet

B. Malnutrition at all stages of life, causes and prevention. common nutritional problems of

    public health  importance and their prevention and control.

C .Dietary requirements of normal human being at different stages of life

D. Food hygiene, pasteurization, fortification, additives, adulteration and preservation

E. Food poisoning

F .Assessment of nutritional status of a community

 Information,Education and Communication(IEC)

A. Concepts, Aims and Objectives

B. Approaches used in Public Health

C. Contents, Principles and Stages of Health Education

D. Communication Methods, Barriers and Skills in Health Education

E. Planning, Organizing ,and Evaluating a Health Education Programme.

 

Social Marketing

Health management Information System (HMIS)

Disease Early Warning System (DEWS)

  

2. Modules 

A. Reference writing

B. Mean, Mode, Median Calculation and uses

C. Standard deviation Calculation and uses

D. Data presentation

E. Percentile Calculation and uses

F. Paired & Unpaired t-Test Calculation , Interpretation and uses

G. Z-Test Calculation , Interpretation and uses

H. Comparison in 2 groups

I.  ORAL  & Injectable contraceptives

J. Barrier methods & IUCDs

K. Ante-natal Care

L. Growth monitoring

M. Insecticides

N.  Diet Chart